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摘 要风力发电以获取更多的能量为目的，希望能达到获能的最大经济效益。取得最大获能效益的方法就是在变化的风速下保证风机能获取最大的功率。 在追求最大功率的同时，各种损坏风机的因素亦不可忽略。绝对大多数情况下设计者都希望风力发电机在恒转矩运行的情况下工作， 或使作用在风轮上的力矩变化越小越好。但是风作为一种过程性能源，风的速度大小，和风向常常发生改变，风速或者风向的突变都会在风轮上产生一个突变力矩，这个突变力矩会使风轮振动，增加叶片载荷，严重时甚至会使叶片损害。而且，如果功率突变会使转矩发生突变，长此以往会损害风机，影响其使用寿命。因此，转矩控制系统对风机叶片的载荷优化，和对整个风电机组的保护起重要作用。本论文针对转矩对风电机组叶片载荷的危害，以永磁同步风力发电机为例，设计了一种直接转矩控制系统。 首先对风力发电的几种主要类型及其技术特点做了简单的介绍，然后介绍了直接转矩控制技术，在此基础上建立永磁同步发电机直接转矩控制系统，最后利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真工具搭建上述系统的仿真模型，与无控制系统风机进行对比，通过仿真结果的分析，证明转矩控制技术可以解决功率不稳定，转矩脉动较大等问题，进而完成风电机组载荷优化。58592
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毕业论文关键词：风力发电机组； 转矩控制； 载荷优化 ；
MATLAB AbstractWind power to get more energy for the purpose, can hope to achieve is eligible forthe maximum economic benefits. The method can achieve the greatest benefit iseligible under varying wind speed to ensure fans can get the maximum power. In thepursuit of maximum power at the same time, a variety of factors damage the fan alsocan not be ignored.Absolute majority of cases the designer wants wind turbines in the case of constanttorque operation work, or change in the torque acting on the rotor is as small aspossible. But as a process of wind energy, wind velocity magnitude, and directionoften changes, wind speed or direction of the mutation will produce a torque on therotor mutation, this mutation causes the moment the wind wheel vibration, increaseblade loading, severe even cause leaf damage. Also, if the power mutation causes amutation torque, long run will harm the fan, affect their life. Thus, the torque controlsystem of the fan blade load optimization, and the protection of the entire windturbine play an important role.In this thesis, the torque of the wind turbine blade loading hazards, permanentmagnet synchronous generator, for example, designed a direct torque control system.First, several main types and technical characteristics of the wind made a briefintroduction, then presents a direct torque control technology, the establishment ofpermanent magnet synchronous generator Direct Torque Control System Based onthis, the last use of MATLAB / Simulink simulation tools to build simulation model ofthe system described above, and no fan control system were compared by analysis andsimulation results prove torque control technology can solve the power instability,large torque ripple and other issues, and then complete the wind turbine loadoptimization.
Key word: Windturbine ；Torque Control；Load optimization；MATLAB
目 录
第一章 绪论. 5
1.1 风能5
1.1.1风能特点..5
1.1.2风能存在的问题. 5
1.2风力发电的发展6
1.2.1中国风力发电的发展状况及前景6
1.2.2国外风力发电的发展状况及前景7
1.3 风力发电主要类型及其技术特点. 7
1.4 直接转矩控制简介.10
1.5柔性尾缘襟翼智能叶片控制.11
1.6 本文主要研究内容.11
第二章 永磁同步风力发电系统. 12
2.1 风力发电能量转换原理及其运行特点...12