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摘 要 过程控制普遍运用于工业生产中，本文研究的液位控制也属于其中一种。目前工业生产中的液位控制中， 为了解决控制中的非线性和时变问题， 基本都使用传统的PID控制方式。虽然随着控制理论的发展，各种高级算法接连出现且更加适应工业生产的复杂系统，但是 PID 仍是应用最广泛的控制器。本文就这个现象进行了深入分析。 本文首先对于液位控制研究的意义与现状、 液位控制策略的选择和PID 控制含义与控制规律进行了说明。然后利用组态王软件结合 PCT 型过程控制实验装置，模拟蒸馏生产过程中锅炉汽包三容液控系统，研究 PID 控制在工业生产中的应用优势。对锅炉汽包液位控制系统进行了详细的介绍，在研究锅炉汽包三容液控过程中，主要介绍了 PCT 实验装置的组成与作用、组态王的具体开发步骤、如何实现锅炉汽包液位的PID 控制和如何实现组态王与外部实时通信。 接着，利用在本次实验中得到的实时曲线、数据进行分析，发现PID控制在锅炉汽包液控中确实能够在减短调节时间和减小稳态误差与超调量取得一个较好的平衡，并以此为依据进行系统调试以获得最佳 PID 控制效果。 最后，对 PID 控制及模糊控制等其他高级算法在工业生产中的应用进行展望。 59013
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毕业论文关键词: 组态王；锅炉汽包；液位控制系统；PID 控制
Abstract Process control is widely used in industrial production, which the liquid level control this paper studied is one kind of it. At present, the traditional PID control method is used to solve the problems of nonlinear and time-varying features in the industrial production of liquid level control system. Although a series of advanced algorithms appear and more suitable for industrial production of complex systems with the development of control theory, PID is still the most widely used controller. This paper have carried out a deep analysis of this phenomenon. Firstly this paper describe the significance and status of the research on the level control, the choice of the control strategy and the meaning and the control law of the PID. And then it uses the Kingview software combined with the PCT process control experimental device to simulate distillation production process of boiler drum three tank liquid control system and to research PID control application advantage in industrial production. The boiler drum level control system is introduced in detail. In the process of the study of boiler drum three tank liquid control, it mainly introduces the composition and function of the PCT experimental device, the specific steps of development in Kingview, how to realize the boiler drum level PID control and how to realize the real-time communication between Kingview and external. Next it analyses the real-time curves and data obtained in this experiment to find that PID control in boiler liquid control can achieve a good balance between shortening adjusting time and reducing the steady-state error and overshoot. And based on this, the system debugging is carried out in order to obtain the best PID control effect. Finally, it prospects the application of PID control and fuzzy control and other advanced algorithms in industrial production.
Keywords: Kingview; boiler drum; liquid level control system; PID control
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 液位控制研究意义和现状 . 1
1.2 蒸馏生产锅炉汽包液控研究意义与现状 . 1
1.3 PID 控制的意义与现状 . 2
1.4 水箱控制策略选择 . 2
1.5 论文结构与内容简介 .. 3
第二章 PID 算法原理 5
2.1 PID控制原理 5
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