设计总说明:医院废水由综合医院、专业病院及其他类型医院向自然环境或城市管道排放而产生。其污染物主要为病原体(寄生虫卵、病原菌、病毒等)、有机物、漂浮及悬浮物、放射性污染物等,未经处理的未经处理的原污水中含菌总量达108个/mL以上,其对水体的污染问题使之成为污水领域的热点与难点。21953
本文主要设计一废水处理厂,处理某医院每天排出的1800m3/d的带菌废水。平均水质情况为:进水:COD为150 ~300mg/L,BOD5为80 ~150 mg/L,SS为40 ~120mg/L,NH3-N为10 ~50mg/L,大肠菌群数≤3.0×108。
通过比较各种物理、化学、生物处理方法的优劣,本设计最终采用的处理方法是水解酸化-曝气生物流化床- ClO2消毒工艺,选用水解酸化工艺作为兼氧处理单元,一方面减轻了后续好氧生物处理单元的负荷和能耗,降低了运行费用;另一方面避免了厌氧发酵产生臭气。曝气生物流化床采用了固定化微生物与固定化酶技术中的载体特点,生物量大、结合力牢固、活性好、处理速度快、效果明显,生物活性高,不存在污泥膨胀问题,可大大提高容积负荷。ClO2的杀菌能力和在水中的稳定性均优于氯和其它含氯消毒剂,对大肠杆菌、细菌、芽孢、病毒等有很好的杀灭作用,是一种安全可靠的消毒剂。
根据本工艺的主要设计参数,通过合理的确定各处理单元,对构筑物进行设计计算,同时绘制工艺设计图,而且还需要对废水处理厂的平面和高程进行了合理的布置和计算。废水经格栅从而去除了其中的大分子污染物,进入调节池中进行废水pH值的调节,再由水解酸化过程厌氧环境下去除部分较易降解的有机污染物,同时将较难降解的大分子有机物分解为较为简单的小分子有机物,下面进入曝气生物流化床中,在填料与污水的接触中使得污水中的有机物和氨氮能够大部分去除,再经历二沉池的沉淀作用使得废水中的悬浮及溶解有机物可以去除,最后在二氧化氯的消毒作用下将废水中的大肠杆菌去除,进而达到废水的排放标准。
处理后废水指标达到《污水综合排放标注》(GB8978-1996)中的Ⅰ级标准,对COD,BOD,SS,NH3-N,大肠杆菌群数的总去除率分别可以达到67%、87%、42%、70%。99%,即pH值为6.0~9.0,COD≤100 mg/L,BOD5≤20 mg/L,SS≤70 mg/L,
NH3-N≤15 mg/L,大肠杆菌群数≤100个/L。
经过工程概预算计算可以得厂区的建设费用,总体造价费用可达138.65万元元。吨处理费用为2.45元。
本工艺具有抗冲击能力强,占地面积小,处理效率高,运行稳定。通过本厂的大量削减排放物污染浓度,使得对改善水质质量起到积极有效的作用。
毕业论文关键字: 医院废水;大肠杆菌群;水解酸化-曝气生物流化床- ClO2消毒工艺
Hospital Wastewater Treatment Process Design
Design General information: hospital wastewater from the General Hospital, and other types of specialized hospital to hospital discharge pipeline natural environment or the city generates. Its main pollutants pathogens (parasite eggs, bacteria, viruses, etc.), organic matter, floating and suspended solids, radioactive contaminants, raw untreated sewage untreated reached a total of 108 bacteria Per liter or more , the pollution problems of the water body to become hot and difficult water areas.
In this paper, the design of a wastewater treatment plant, processing contaminated wastewater discharged from a hospital a day of 1800m3/d. Average water quality are: water: COD is 150 ~ 300mg / L, BOD5 is 80 ~ 150 mg / L, SS is 40 ~ 120mg / L, NH3-N is 10 ~ 50mg / L, coliform count ≤ 3.0 × 108.
By comparing the merits of various physical, chemical and biological treatment methods, treatment methods are used in the design of the final hydrolysis acidification - Biological Fluidized Bed - ClO2 disinfection process, the choice of hydrolysis acidification and oxygen as a processing unit, on the one hand to reduce subsequent aerobic biological treatment unit load and energy consumption, reduce operating costs; hand to avoid the anaerobic fermentation odor. Aeration biological fluidized bed using immobilized microorganisms and immobilized enzyme technology carrier features large biomass firm adhesion, good activity, processing speed, the effect is obvious, biological activity, there is no sludge bulking problem can greatly improve the volume load. ClO2 disinfection and stability in water are better than chlorine and other chlorine disinfectants, E. coli, bacteria, spores, viruses, etc. have a good role in the killing, is a safe and reliable disinfectant. 每天1800立米医院带菌废水处理工艺设计+CAD图纸:http://www.751com.cn/yixue/lunwen_14390.html