淮安市GIS医疗设施布局的优化评价

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摘要：公共医疗设施是一个地区公共设施的重要的组成部分，医疗设施的合理分布不仅可以满足公众医疗需求，方便居民就近就医，而且能够提高城市整体医疗服务水平，促进城乡统筹发展。本文以淮安市清浦区的医疗设施为研究对象，在分析医疗设施空间布局特征以及所存问题的基础上，运用服务区分析对医疗设施服务水平进行分析与评价，再利用位置分配模型对医疗设施空间布局进行优化。最后，本文对清浦区的医疗设施布局提出改善建议和措施。研究结果表明：（1）清浦区医疗资源总量不足，空间分配不均匀；（2）城市与乡镇的医疗设施资源总量差异明显，医疗服务水平也不高；（3）清浦区需要新增2家医院，4家卫生院才能满足居民就医需求。本文的研究可以为今后清浦区医疗设施改革提供借鉴和参考，同时促进医疗设施布局的合理发展。59431

毕业论文关键词：医疗设施，空间布局，GIS，位置分配模型，优化

Abstract：Public health facilities are an important part of a regional public facilities. The effective distribution of medical facilities not only meet the needs of the public and to facilitate the residents nearest medical treatment, but also to improve the city's overall level of medical services and the development of urban and rural. On this background, this paper takes Qing’pu District as an example and gives a comprehensive study on its medical facilities layout. Based on the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of the medical facilities and the remaining problems. The evaluation of the service level of medical facilities was performed on the basis of GIS network analysis. The spatial layout of the medical facilities was optimized by the usage of the Location Allocation Model. Finally, this paper presented improvement suggestions and measures for medical facilities layout. The study results show: (1) the medical resources in Qing’pu District are insufficient and distribute unevenly. (2) The medical facilities vary widely between urban and rural area. Meanwhile, the medical service is in a low level. (3) Two hospitals and four health centers should be added to meet the public’s health demand. In a word, this study will be helpful for government to make decision regarding Qing’pu District’s medical facilities layout in future. In addition, it provides a feasible method to evaluate the medical facilities layout reasonableness.

Keywords：medical facility, space layout, GIS, Location-Allocation Model, Optimization

1 前言 4

2 研究区域概况和研究方法 4

2.1 研究区域概况 4

2.2 研究方法 5

3 基于GIS的医疗设施布局评价分析 6

3.1 评价指标体系构建 6

3.2 清浦区医疗资源评价 7

3.3 清浦区医疗设施布局评价分析 8

4 医疗设施空间GIS优化 13

4.1 位置分配模型建立及执行 13

4.2 医疗设施空间布局优化 14

4.3 结论和建议 19

结论 20

参考文献 21

致谢 22

1 前言

自从改革开放以来，市场经济主导了资本输出，在市场经济以及城市管理的影响下，非营利性的公共设施让位于盈利设施，导致医疗设施等非盈利性公共基础设施配置分配不均，再加上居民对基础医疗卫生需求的日益增长，这与政府卫生设施供应短缺之间的冲突愈来愈严重。医疗设施是否能够合理布局，能否有效解决居民的看病难的问题，成为现如今的热点问题。