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摘要：聚氨酯硬泡因性能稳定而被广泛应用于人们的日常生活中，但由于阻燃性较差，属于高度易燃材料，限制了其广泛应用，为了改善这一缺点，本文通过添加有机磷系阻燃剂来改善其阻燃性能。本文主要通过氧指数(LOI)、压缩测试及动态力学性能测试(DMA)等方法，研究不同有机磷阻燃剂对聚氨酯硬泡阻燃性能的影响。结果表明：对于不同种的有机磷阻燃剂，由于其磷含量的不同，导致聚氨酯硬泡的阻燃性能差异也较大，其中氧指数随阻燃剂添加量的增加额增大，且在上升到一定幅度后趋缓；而压缩强度随添加量的增加下降明显。当添加量达到20%以上时，阻燃性能的提高并不明显，而力学性能下降明显，此外聚氨酯硬泡的玻璃化转变温度随阻燃剂添加量的增加而有所降低。20580
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毕业论文关键词： 聚氨酯硬泡；阻燃；有机磷系阻燃剂
Influence of Additive Flame Retardant on the Combustion Characteristics of Rigid Polyurethane Foam
Abstract: Polyurethane is widely used in people's daily life because of its stable performance, RPUF is a combustible material which restrains its further applications．In order to overcome the shortcoming, the flame retardant property were improved by adding organic phosphorus flame retardant．This paper mainly through the test of oxygen index, compression and DMA to study the effects of different organic phosphorus flame retardant on the flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane foam．The experimental results show that different kinds of flame retardants of phosphorus content in different can cause the flame retardant performance difference .With the increase content of flame-retardants, Limited oxygen index( LOI ) values on the rise to a certain extent after slowing down, And the compression strength decline with the increase of adding amount of obvious. When adding amount reached more than 20%, the flame retardant performance improvement is not obvious, but the mechanical properties decreased significantly.in addition, the glass transition temperature of polyurethane foam decreased.
Keywords: rigid polyurethane foam；flame-retardant；organic phosphorus flame retardan
目录
1． 绪论 1
1.1 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料阻燃技术的发展动向 1
1.1.1 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料阻燃技术国内外现状 1
1.1.2 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料阻燃技术研究进展 2
1.1.3 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料阻燃技术发展趋势 3
1.2 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备 3
1.2.1 合成硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料原料 3
1.2.2 生产硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的各种助剂 4
1.2.3 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的合成方法 5
1.3 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料常用添加型阻燃剂 6
1.3.1硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料常用添加型阻燃剂的种类 6
1.3.2 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料常用添加型阻燃剂的阻燃机理 7
1.3.3 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料常用添加型阻燃剂的选择 9
1.4 课题研究目的及意义 10
1.5 课题研究内容 11
2. 实验部分 11
2.1 主要原料 11
2.2 实验仪器 11
2.3 硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备方法 12
2.3.1 发泡实验的操作流程 12
2.3.2添加型阻燃剂硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的配方 12
2.4阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的性能测试 13
3. 结果与讨论 13
3.1 不同类型添加型阻燃剂对聚氨酯硬泡阻燃性能的影响 13
3.1.1 氧指数测定的结果与分析 13