设计项目:年产9万吨1,3-丙二醇车间设计1,3-丙二醇是一种无色、无液体状物质,又呈现出透明粘稠状形态。其英文缩写为1,3-PDO(下文中会出现该简写)。化学式为:CH2OHCH2CH2OH。1,3-PDO可与多种液体进行混溶,例如大部分的有机溶剂,也包括水等。1,3-丙二醇有着较为广泛的实用领域。可用作抗冻剂、保护剂或特定的单体例如聚酯和聚氨酯,当然也可以作为某些溶液的特定溶剂。除此之外,1,3丙二醇还可作为中间体适用于有机合成或是医用的合成。本设计以丙烯作为原材料,经过一系列的化学反应例如氧化、水合、加氢等生产制取1,3-丙二醇。1,3-丙二醇最典型的实用是作为重要的原料去合成PTT纤维,并且具有独一性,没有其他物质可以替代。然而又随着时代的进步,人类消费水平连续提升,这也间接导致了对聚酯纤维的需求也不断提高。关键PTT正是代表性的未来聚酯纤维产品之一,故1,3-丙二醇的生产需求注定也会随其增加。再加上DuPont公司、Degussa公司和Shell公司在1,3-丙二醇的市场上进行了垄断及控制,这使得1,3-PDO受限并且价格也开始大幅度的上升。由于进口产品的价格等其他因素,开发生产1,3-PDO工艺具有非常重要的实际意义。58144
此次设计内容为生产1,3-丙二醇的车间设计,最终决定以丙烯醛水合加氢法来制备。首先丙烯与水蒸气和空气催化氧化生成丙烯醛,然后直接水合反应得到3-羟基丙醛,最后再通过加氢生成1,3-丙二醇最终产物。丙烯醛水合加氢法的反应步骤不会很复杂且技术也将较其他方法显得成熟可行,总的经济费用包括设备需求考虑在内比较理想,各环节的难度也比较可控。生产效率也较为让人满意,过程中的副产物少也不会得到有毒的中间体。关键整套环节还可以循环利用。故本设计采用此方法对国内的现状是可行的,基本符合了我国的国情。
本设计参考了以下国家标准和规定:
a.工艺系统设备布置设计规定(HG20570)
b.生产过程危险品和有害因素分类与代码(GB/T13816-1992)
c.化工装置管道布置设计规定(HG/T20549)
d.石油化工企业设计防火规范 (GB 50160-2008)
e.常用危险化学的分类标准(GB13690-1992)
f.工厂防火规定(GBJ16-1987)
g.钢制压力容器(GB150)
h.压力容器中化学介质典型危害和爆炸危险程度分类(HGJ43-1991)
i.管壳式换热器标准(GB151)
毕业论文关键词:1,3-丙二醇 ;催化氧化反应;水合反应;加氢反应
Workshop Design of 1,3-POD With an Annual Output in 90000 Tons
Description of design
Design element:The Workshop Design of 1,3-POD With an Annual Output in 90000 Tons
1,3-propanediol is a colorless, odorless liquid, rendered as transparent viscous. Its English abbreviation is 1,3-PDO and chemical formula is CH2OHCH2CH2OH. It can be mixed with water, alcohol and a variety of organic solvents. 1,3- propylene glycol is also widely used in the field. It can be used as an antifreeze, a protective agent or a polyester and a polyurethane monomer as well as a solvent. It can also be used as an intermediate for organic synthesis or for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. This design takes propylene as raw material,after a series of chemical reactions such as oxidation, hydration, hydrogenation, etc to produce 1,3-PDO. 1,3- propylene glycol is mainly used as an important raw material for the production of PTT fiber. It has irreplaceable characteristics. With the improvement of the level of consumption, polyester fiber demand is also increasing, and PTT is one of the important alternatives for the future of polyester fiber. Therefore, 1,3- propanediol production is gradually added. Coupled with DuPont, Degussa and Shell companies monopolized the market for 1,3-PDO,it makes the price of 1,3-PDO has also increased every year. In order not to rely on imported products from other countries, it is of great economic and practical significance to develop 1,3-PDO technology.