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摘要当前，在全世界范围人们都面临着能源紧缺的问题，因此积极的开发和利用新的能源就变得越来越重要了。太阳能作为一种具有巨大开发潜力的可再生能源，具有广阔的前景。然而目前人们对太阳能的利用率并不高，太阳能利用转化率尚不能达到20%。理论分析表明，跟踪式相比于定点式的太阳能发电装置而言，其能量的接收效率可以提高37％。50236
本文是基于可编程控制器PLC的太阳能双轴跟踪系统，它可以使光伏模块能够实时的跟踪太阳光照，从而能够最大限度的获得太阳能。
本文利用安装在光伏模块的不同方位光敏传感器检测太阳与光伏模块的相对位置，把检测结果传输给PLC，PLC再传输信号到步进电机驱动器，通过步进电机驱动器控制步进电机，从而实现对水平和俯仰两轴的控制。用户可以通过MT500选择系统的工作模式：自动、手动模式。自动模式下：系统首先传感器来检测天气的情况，如果是阴雨天则自动停止在原位不工作；在不是阴雨天的情况下，系统自动追踪太阳，从而使光伏模块的辐照最大化。手动模式下：用户可以自身的需要手动的调节光伏模块的水平角和俯仰角。同时本系统具有在恶劣天气的自我保护功能，如在强风天气下，系统能够自动停止，来减小强风对系统的破坏。
由于时间以及自身能力的限制，跟踪系统只是进行粗略的跟踪，还需在以后的实践中加以改进。
毕业论文关键词：太阳能；PLC；光敏传感器；步进电机电驱动器；步进电机；EasyView500
Abstract
At present, all over the world people are faced with the problem of the energy shortage, so the positive development and utilization of new energy has become more and more important. Solar energy as a huge potential for development of renewable energy, has broad prospects. However, people for the utilization of solar energy is not high, the use of solar energy conversion rate is not yet reached 20%. Theoretical analysis shows that, solar power generation device tracking compared to the fixed type, receiving efficiency of the energy can be increased by 37.7%.
This paper is a solar biaxial programmable controller tracking system based on PLC, it can make the PV module can real-time tracking of the sun light, so as to maximize access to solar energy.
In this paper, the relative position of photovoltaic module installed in different range of photosensitive sensor for the detection of solar and photovoltaic module, the detection result is transmitted to the PLC, then the PLC transmit a signal to the stepper motor driver to control the stepper motor ,so as to control the horizontal and pitching axis. The user can through the MT500 system to choose the working mode: automatic or manual mode. Automatic mode: the system first sensor to detect the weather conditions, if it is not working in situ automatically stop on rainy days; in case of not rainy day, automatic tracking solar system, so that the radiation maximum photovoltaic module. Manual mode: users can own need to manually adjust the PV module level angle and pitch angle. At the same time, the system has the function of self-protection of bad weather, such as in the strong wind weather, the system can automatically stop, to reduce the damage of strong wind system.
Because of the time and my own capacity constraints, the tracking system is just a rough track, still need to be improved in the future practice.
Keywords: Solar energy; PLC; photovoltaic sensor；The stepper motor driver;Stepper motor; MT50
目 录
目录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1选题背景 1
1.1.1 太阳能发展的背景 1
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