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摘要：本实验主要采用微波辅助提取法，通过单因素及正交试验研究料液比、乙醇浓度、微波处理时间、微波功率对人工栽培怀牛膝根皂苷提取率的影响，从而优化筛选出最佳提取工艺条件，同时测定野生怀牛膝根、花和叶中皂苷含量及其体外抗氧化活性。实验结果表明，人工栽培怀牛膝根的最佳提取工艺为料液比1: 30、乙醇浓度70%、微波时间4 min、微波功率高火。此条件下，人工栽培怀牛膝根、野生怀牛膝根、花和叶皂苷提取率分别为0.523%、0.420%、0.082%、0.235%。怀牛膝提取液均有不同程度的抗氧化活性，其中人工栽培怀牛膝根、野生怀牛膝根、花以及叶对超氧阴离子自由基清除率分别为81.23 %、67.36 %、11.06 %、28.81%，对羟自由基的清除率分别为60.23 %、45.46 %、9.48%、32.23%。39118
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毕业论文关键词：怀牛膝；皂苷；微波提取；抗氧化活性
Study on the Extraction Technology of Saponins from Achyranthes Bidentata Bl. and its Antioxidant Activities
Abstract: To explore the influence factors impacting extraction rate of saponins from Achyranthes bidentata Bl, the optimal extraction conditions using microwave- assisted extraction were optimized by single factor and L9(34) orthogonal experiment, which included the solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, microwave-heating time and microwave power from the point of extraction rate of saponins. At the same time, the saponins content and antioxidant activities of wild root, flowers and stems-leaves was detected. The results showed that the optimal conditions were as follows: the 1:30 ratio of solid-liquid, ethanol concentration was 70%, extracting for 4 min and microwave power was high fire. The saponins extraction rates of different parts of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. was obtained under these conditions as follows: 0.523% of root, 0.420% of wild root, 0.082% of flowers, 0.235% of stem-leaf. It was also found that the extracts of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. had different antioxidant activities. The clearance rates of superoxide anion radical in different parts of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. were as follows: 81.32% of root, 67.36% of wild root, 11.06% of flowers and 28.81% of stem-leaf. The clearance rates of hydroxyl radical in different parts of Achyranthes bidentata Bl. were as follows: 60.23% of root, 45.46% of wild root, 9.48% of flowers, 32.23% of stem-leaf.
Key words: Achyranthes bidentata Bl; Saponins; Microwave extraction; Antioxidant
目 录
摘 要 1
引言 2
1实验部分 2
1.1实验所用材料、试剂及仪器 2
1.2实验方法 3
1.2.1皂苷测定 3
1.2.1.1标准液的配制 3
1.2.1.2皂苷标准曲线的绘制 3
1.2.1.3皂苷提取工艺流程 3
1.2.1.4皂苷提取率的测定 3
1.2.2单因素实验 4
1.2.3正交实验 4
1.2.4抗氧化活性 4
1.2.4.1怀牛膝提取液对超氧阴离子自由基清除活性 4
1.2.4.2怀牛膝提取液对羟自由基清除活性 4
2结果与讨论 4
2.1单因素实验 4
2.1.1料液比的选择 4
2.1.2乙醇浓度的选择 5
2.1.3微波时间的选择 5
2.1.4微波功率的选择 6
2.2正交实验结果 7
2.3抗氧化实验结果 8
2.3.1怀牛膝提取液对超氧阴离子自由基清除活性 8
2.3.2怀牛膝提取液对羟自由基清除活性 8
3结论 9
参考文献 9