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摘要本课题结合155自行炮的弹丸运动特性，提出了一种实时信号处理系统的设计方案，并实现了该系统的主要功能。本设计采用嵌入式系统（ARM：Advanced RISC Machines）作为主板，cortex-A9作为主处理器，现场可编程门阵列（ FPGA：Field Programmable Gate Array）作为外设，大大提高了系统处理各类数据的能力，使得测速系统的实时性更强、测量精度更高。FPGA芯片可以借助于alter公司提供的Quartus II开发环境，实现信号的采样保持、频谱分析；主板需要与安装了Linux系统的宿主机进行交叉编译，采用Qt程序实现模块间的通信、数据的拟合以及初速度的推导等。本设计着重考虑了系统的硬件实现，描述了针对cortex-A9处理器的雷达实时测速的整体框架，并对每一个模块的可行性进行验证，检测其信号与数据处理的正确性、模块间通信的可靠性；并解决了一些实时测速系统中的关键性技术问题，如：FPGA外设中的信号处理程序、外设接口电路、模块间通信、基于最小二乘法的外推初速度拟合、显示与控制终端的程序设计。41691
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关键字 cortex-A9 弹丸测速 信号处理 数据拟合 通信 显示与控制
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title the Designing of Radar Real-time Signal Processing System Based on Cortex-A9 for 155 Cannon
Abstract
Considering the bullet-movement characteristics of 155 cannon, this paper introduces a design proposal of real-time processing system and realizes the main function of it. This system uses cortex-A9-based ARM( Advanced RISC Machines) as the main board, and uses the FPGA( Field Programmable Gate Array) as the peripheral, greatly enhancing the ability of this system in dealing with different kinds of data. This combination makes the real-time characteristics and operation precision much better than before. Alter company provides the Quartus II software. It can realize the sample taking of signals and analyze them. The code of the main board should be cross-compiled on the host computer which is installed Linux operation system. We use Qt programming to solve the communication between each module, fit the data of radar and deduce the original speed of bullets. This designing pays much attention to the hardware implementation of the system. The paper describes the overall framework of this system and validates the feasibility of each module, checking the correctness of signal and data processing, and the reliability of communication. This paper also solves some key technology of radar real-time speed measuring system, such as the program of signal processing in FPGA peripheral, the interface circuit of peripheral, the communication between each module, the fitting of original speed based on the least square method, and the programming of display and control terminal.
Keywords cortex-A9, bullet-speed measuring, signal processing, data fitting, communication, display and control
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 课题研究的理论基础 2
1.2.1 测速雷达反射信号的收集 2
1.2.2 测速雷达反射信号的信号分析 3
1.2.3 弹丸运动规律的特征参数拟合 4
1.3 论文结构 5
2 雷达实时测速系统的设计总方案 6
3 FPGA模块设计与功能仿真 9
3.1 信号处理 9
3.1.1 频谱分析模块理论框架 9
3.1.2 AD转换 10
3.1.3 乒乓FIFO 10
3.1.4 FFT变换 11