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摘要由于科学技术的相互渗透，现代光学仪器已经演变成光、机、电的装置，而所有光学仪器必不可缺少的光学元件就是透镜，不仅用于目视成像系统，而且在光电、电视摄像、遥感等诸多领域中广泛使用，而透镜最重要的参数就是焦距，所以焦距的精确测量十分重要。28220
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本文深入分析了泰伯莫尔效应测量长焦距原理，通过莫尔倾角计算得出焦距值，优化长焦距测量计算公式，可以有效避免装置装调过程中光栅栅线方向引起的误差。仿真出准直波前畸变PV值优于 时，对测量误差的影响小于0.7％，分别从测量误差和莫尔条纹质量两个角度分析，设计出测量5-80m焦距的系统最优参数：待测透镜与光栅 间的距离 、两Ronchi光栅间的距离 、光栅周期 以及两光栅栅线夹角 等。
用确定的参数模拟整个测量光路，分析测量不同焦距情况下的倾角测量灵敏度，焦距值为5m-50m时倾角的平均灵敏度为1.08°/m；焦距值为65m-80m时倾角的平均测量灵敏度为298.8″/m，被测透镜焦距值越大，测量灵敏度越低。
关键词 长焦距测量，光栅，Moiré条纹，傅里叶变换，亚像素
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title study on the measurement of long focal length withTalbot-Moiré interferometry
Abstract
Due to the interpenetration of science and technology, modern optical instrumentation has evolved into optical, mechanical, electrical apparatus, meanwhile, meanwhile any optical components but lens can be lacked from optical instruments, not only in visual imaging system, but also in the photoelectric, television cameras, remote sensing and other fields lens are widely used, since the most important parameter of lens is the focal length, the accurate measurement of the focal length is very important.
This paper analyzes the principle of the measurement of long focal length using Talbot moire effect , calculates the angle of moiré fringe formed by Talbot image of a Ronchi grating and another，deduces the optimization of the calculation formula for long distance measurement. In order to study the effects of collimated wavefront distortion for measurement errorwhich is less than 7 percent, we should guarantee PV values in a proper range, and we should also analyze and design the main parameters of the a measurement system from two aspects, measurement error and the moire fringe quality ,the parameters are listed: the distance between the lens and grating , the distance between two Ronchi grating, the grating period and grating grating angle.
Using the parameters, we could simulate the whole measuring light path under the focal length between 5m and 80m, and analyze the sensitivity of the measurement of angles under different focal angle, form the analysis we can find the average angle sensitivity under the focal length between 5m and 50m is , the average angle sensitivity under the focal length between 5m and 50m is , so we can get the result that with the measured lens focal length value becoming greater, measurement sensitivity is getting lower.
Keywords long focal length measurement,grating,Moiré fringes,fourier transform,sub pixel
目次
毕业设计说明书中文摘要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题的研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外发展现状及趋势 2
1.3 论文的主要研究内容 2
2 焦距测量原理分析与对比 3
2.1 焦距的常规测量方法 3
2.1.1 物像互换法 3
2.1.2 放大率法 4
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