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摘要陀螺经纬仪是二十世纪五十年代以来发展起来的一种新型测绘仪器。其特点在于它可以在地下工程、森林、隐藏地区、军事做战条件下快速、精确地确定方位角，观测方便、使用灵活，一般不受外界条件、时间与空间的影响。陀螺经纬仪广泛应用于各种地下工程测量，能够精确测定起始边方位角，大大的提高了地下控制网精度，减少了贯通偏差，减轻了劳动强度，提高了劳动生产率。
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然而，陀螺经纬仪的使用环境严格来说比较复杂，排除仪器本身特有的误差，其环境因素的影响也不可忽略。其中包括环境温度的影响，风力风向的影响，光照强度的影响，以及周边大型机械设备或电器产生的电磁场或磁场影响等等。本文主要针对环境温度对陀螺经纬仪是否产生足够大的影响进行实验与分析，以求对实验结果定性乃至定量分析，进一步排除或修正陀螺经纬仪在实际操作应用时环境温度对其产生的误差影响。39193
本文将分以下几个方面阐述：陀螺经纬仪的发展，现状以及前景；陀螺经纬仪的精度；涉及的实验（实验目的，实验内容，实验过程，结果，实验结论）。
毕业论文关键词：陀螺经纬仪，现状以及前景，环境因素，精度，误差。
Abstract
Gyro Theodolite fifties of this century has developed a new type of measuring instruments. Its characteristics is that it can be in underground engineering, forest, hidden areas, under the conditions of the military war so quickly and accurately determine the azimuth, to facilitate observation, the use of flexible, generally are not subject to external conditions, the impact of time and space. Gyro Theodolite underground engineering a wide range of measurement can be accurately measured azimuth starting side, there are underground control network to improve accuracy and reduce bias through, reduce labor intensity and improve labor productivity.
However, the use of Gyro theodolite more complex environment, strictly speaking, rule out the possibility of error specific to the instrument itself, and its environmental factors can not be ignored. Including the impact of ambient temperature, wind direction of the impact of the effects of light intensity, as well as the surrounding large.scale mechanical equipment or electrical or electromagnetic fields generated by magnetic fields and so on. This paper mainly aiming at ambient temperature of gyro theodolite is large enough to impact experiments and analyses were carried out, in order to the results of qualitative and quantitative analysis to further exclude or correction of gyro theodolite in the practical application environment temperature to produce the error influence.
This article will be on the following aspects: the development of gyro.theodolite, the status present and prospects; accuracy gyro theodolite; involved in the experiment (the experiment was the experiment the contents of the experiment, the results of experimental results).
Key words: Gyro theodolite，Present situation and Prospect ,environment，accuracy，error
目录
摘要 I
Abstract...II
1 陀螺经纬发展1
1.1陀螺经纬仪的发展...1
1.2陀螺经纬仪今后的发展...2
2 陀螺经纬仪的原理,分类与构造.4
2.1陀螺经纬仪的原理.4
2.2陀螺经纬仪的分类.8
2.3陀螺经纬仪的构造8
3陀螺经纬仪的定向方法与应用..9
3.1陀螺经纬仪的定向程序...9
3.2陀螺经纬仪的定向方法..9
3.3陀螺经纬仪的应用...10
4 陀螺经纬仪的精度.11
5 环境温度对陀螺定向的影响规律研究的实验..11
5.1实验的原理与结果.10
5.2原因分析...10
5.3数据处理..10
7 结论..14
致谢.15
参考文献16
1 陀螺经纬仪的发展
1.1陀螺经纬仪的发展