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摘要：传统的液位控制系统大多采用常规PID控制，但是传统的PID控制方法是建立在被控对象的精确的数学模型之上的，随着系统复杂程度的提高，将难以满足实时控制的要求。本文将着眼于以Scilab/Scicos为基本仿真工具，提出一种模糊控制算法对传统的PID液位控制算法进行改进。38484
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本课题首先利用实验法对天煌教仪THJ系列的液位控制系统建立模型，设计出控制系统。然后，针对液位控制系统的特点，分别设计出PID控制的参数和模糊控制规则表。在Scilab/Scicos上对PID控制器和模糊控制器的控制效果进行仿真，并比较液位系统的水箱状态改变后，控制器控制效果的变化。
通过仿真比较，得知相较常规的PID控制，模糊控制稳定性更好，响应时间更短，在液位控制方面模糊控制器的控制效果更佳。
毕业论文关键词：液位控制；PID控制；模糊控制；Scilab
Improvements on water level control system based on SCILAB
ABSTRACT: In most water level control systems, people usually use conventional PID control method, but the conventional PID control method is based on the precise mathematical model of controlled object. With the increase of complexity of the system, it will be difficult to meet the requirements of real-time control. In this article, a fuzzy control algorithm for improving the conventional PID control algorithm will be presented to make the level control system better, with Scilab/ Scicos as basic simulation tool.
The experiment instrument used in this paper is the TianHuang THJ series. Firstly, how the mathematical model of the level control system is established will be introduced. Then, according to the characteristics of the water level control system, PID controller’s parameters and fuzzy control rule table will be designed. In the Scilab/ Scicos environment, the control effect of the PID controller and the fuzzy controller will be simulated. Besides, after the change of the status of tank level system, the changes of the control effect by PID controller and fuzzy controller will be compared.
With the simulation and comparison, it can be shown that compared with conventional PID controller, fuzzy controller has better stability and shorter setting time. The control effect of fuzzy controller is better in the water level control system.
Keywords: Level Control; PID Control; Fuzzy Control; Scilab; Scicos
目 录
1. 绪论 1
1.1. 课题的目的和意义 1
1.2. 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
1.3. 本文所用相关技术 2
1.3.1. PID控制在过程控制中的应用 2
1.3.2. 模糊控制的发展与应用 3
1.3.3. Scilab与Scicos的应用 3
1.4. 本课题的基本内容 4
2. 水箱液位控制系统分析与建模 5
2.1. 水箱液位控制系统的背景概述 5
2.1.1. 水箱液位控制系统的工业背景 5
2.1.2. 液位控制系统简介 5
2.2. 水箱液位控制系统硬件组成 5
2.2.1. 系统组成 6
2.2.2. 控制目标 7
2.3. 水箱液位控制系统建模 7
2.3.1. 问题提出 7
2.3.2. 系统建模 8
2.3.3. 确定传递函数 9
2.4. 实际系统传递函数的开环过程辨识 11