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摘要随着社会经济的发展，电能已经在人们的日常生活中饰演一个愈发重要的角色，离开了电能，整个国家的经济、工业、商业发展都将出现问题，可以说是寸步难行。而且由于电能资源的有限，以及人们不合理用电的现象日益严重，对电度表的要求越来越高。以前的机械式电能表和人工收费模式已经很难满足如今的用电情况和社会发展，研究一款能对用电情况进行科学管理的新型预付费电度表就显得尤为重要。38519
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根据现有电表的存在的不足，本文重点研究选用IC卡为介质的单相电子式预付费电度表，该系统包含两大部分，分别是电能计量部分和预付费部分。电能计量部分实现电能测量，并送入单片机读取购入电量、剩余电量然后予以显示；预付费系统则体现“先付费，再用电”的原则，提高了收费率。该种电度表具有计量精度高、线性度好、灵敏度高、功耗低、可靠性高等特点，可以减少电力部门对于每月抄表、收费投入的成本和人力资源浪费，也便于落实多费率用电、削峰填谷的能源政策。
毕业论文关键词： 电子式 预付费 单片机AT89C52 计量芯片CS5460 IC卡AT24C01
Abstract
With the development of social economy，electrical energy has been playing an increasingly important role in people's daily life. Without t the electrical energy, the entire country's economic, industrial and commercial development will appear a lot of problems, people can do nothing but wait. Because the energy resources are limited, and the phenomenon that people use the energy in an immoderate way is becoming more and more serious, the requirement for watt hour meter is higher. Previous mechanical energy meter and manual- charging mode has been difficult to meet the current needs of electricity and social development. Studying on a scientific management model of prepayment meter for electricity situation is particularly important.
According to the shortcomings of the existing meter ,this paper focuses on the single-phase electronic prepaid watt hour meter ,and this meter is based on IC card .The system contains two parts, namely, the metering part and the prepayment part. Electric energy- metering part can measure the power energy, and then send it to the CPU.CPU can read the purchase quantity of electricity, the remaining power and show them on the screen; Prepaid system is reflected in the principle that “purchase the electricity firstly and use it afterwards ”.The system improve the rate of charging. The watt hour meter has many advantages, such as high measurement accuracy, good linearity, high sensitivity, low power consumption, and high reliability; it can not only reduce the power sector for a monthly meter, the cost and the waste of human resources, but also implement multi rate electricity and cut a peak to fill valley energy policy.
Key word： Electronic type Prepayment SCM AT89C52 Measurement chip CS5460 IC card AT24C01
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外发展现状 1
1.3 主要研究内容 2
2 电子式电能表概述 3
2.1 电子式电能表的工作原理 3
2.2 电子式电能表的组成 3
2.3 电子式电能表的优势 5
2.4 电子式电能表快速发展的原因 7
3 系统的总体结构框图与设计要求 8
3.1 系统结构框图 8
3.2 系统设计要求 9
4 预付费电度表的硬件设计 10