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摘要恒温箱是一种常见的电器，主要功能为恒温控制，它在医学和生物学实验，工业生产等行业，都需要文持一个稳定且精确的温度。由于温度控制系统本身拥有大惯性、非线性等特点，PID控制算法根本不足以解决这个问题，而模糊控制却可以针对温度控制系统的特性进行解决。将两者合二为一成为模糊PID控制法，这样就能解决两者单独不能解决的问题。50574
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针对恒温箱这个项目，要求用PLC完成，该系统其实是用来测量水的温度，并实时调节水温达到预先设定值。此系统将包括温度采集模块，温度控制模块，温度显示模块等模块。此项目我将先设定一个特定的温度值，用触摸屏显示设定温度和测试温度。当水温低于设定值时，报警并启动加热，当加热到的温度与设定的温度相差5℃时，采用PID调节加热；当水温超过设定值时,报警并进冷水，当水温在少于设定值0～5℃范围内，接着采用PID调节加热；当水温被加热的过高时，报警并通过调节温度来达到恒温效果。按上述要求用PLC完成相应的硬件和软件设计。
毕业论文关键词： 恒温箱 ，模糊PID控制算法，PLC
Abstract Constant temperature box is a common electrical appliances, the main function for constant temperature control, it in medicine and biology experiments, industrial production and other industries, need to maintain a stable and accurate temperature. Due to the temperature control system has the characteristics of large inertia, nonlinear, PID control algorithm is not enough to solve the problem, and the fuzzy control can for the temperature control characteristics of the system to solve. Will the two fuzzy PID control method, so that we can solve them alone can not solve the problem.
According to the project of constant temperature box, the requirement of PLC is completed, the system is used to measure water temperature, and real-time adjust the water temperature to reach the preset value. This system will include the temperature sampling circuit, the temperature control circuit, the temperature display circuit and so on.. I will first set a specific temperature, using the touch screen temperature and test temperature. It gives an alarm and start to heat when the water temperature value lower than the setting value, when heated to the temperature and the set temperature difference between 5 DEG C, the PID regulating heating; when the temperature exceeds the set value, alarm and into cold water, when the water temperature in the lower than set value of 0 to 5 DEG C range. And then, the PID control and heat; when the water temperature is excessively high heating, alarm and by regulating the temperature to achieve constant temperature effect. According to the above requirements, the hardware and software design of PLC is completed.
Keywords: Constant temperature box, the fuzzy PID control algorithm, PLC
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪言 1
1.1 恒温箱的研究背景 1
1.2 恒温箱的作用及意义 1
1.3 恒温箱的现状和发展 2
1.4 主要研究内容及安排 3
1.4.1 主要研究内容 3
1.4.2 章节安排 3
2 温度控制及模糊PID算法 4
2.1 温度控制 4
2.2 模糊控制 5
2.2.1 模糊控制的基本思想 5
2.2.2 模糊控制的原理 6
2.3 PID控制器 7
2.3.1 PID控制器参数整定的分类 7
2.3.2 PID控制的基本原理 8
2.3.3 PID控制算法 9
2.4 模糊PID控制器 10