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摘要：本文主要研究了司班系列表面活性剂湿法改性普通氢氧化铝的工艺过程，其改性效果由在液体石蜡中的悬浮体积进行表征。研究了不同反应温度、添加量、反应时间对悬浮体积的影响，同时，利用接触角、FT-IR、粒径分布、TG-DSC对改性前后的氢氧化铝进行表征。结果表明：司班60在3％添加量，85℃，时间60 min的最佳工艺条件下的悬浮体积15ml优于司班40在4％添加量，80℃，时间50 min的最佳工艺条件下的悬浮体积11ml，和司班85在1％添加量，80℃，时间60 min的最佳工艺条件下的悬浮体积13.5m；普通氢氧化铝由亲水性转变为亲油性；改性后的氢氧化铝热分解温度更高。FT-IR，TG-DSC分析表明：在改性过程中，氢氧化铝表面以吸附的方式吸附了司班系列表面活性剂分子。21925
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毕业论文关键词：氢氧化铝；司班；表面改性；聚丙烯；阻燃
Application of surfactant-modified metal hydroxide flame retardants in polypropylene
Abstract:the surface modification process of the common aluminium hydroxide with the surfactants of Span wet method was mainly investigated. The modified effect was characterized by the suspension volume in liquid paraffin. The influence of such factors as reaction temperature, adding quantity and reaction time on the suspension volume was studied. Meanwhile , the surface modification results were evaluated by the means of contact angle , FT-IR, particle size distribution and TG-DSC. The results indicated that when the temperature was 85℃, reaction time was 60 min,Span 60 was 3%, then the suspension volume was 15 ml. when the temperature was 80℃, reaction time was 50 min. Span 40 was 4%, then the suspension volume was 11 ml. when the temperature was 80℃, reaction time was 60 min,Span 85 was 1%, then the suspension volume was 13.5 ml. And the modified common aluminium hydroxide was absolutely changed into hydrophobe from hydrophile. Its thermal decompoesing temperature was improved after modification. FT-IR and TG-DSC analysis of product indicated that the molecules of surfactants of Span adsorbed by the surface of aluminium hydroxide during the modification .
Key words:aluminium hydroxide; Span; surface modification; Polypropylene; Flame
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 聚丙烯阻燃机理 1
1.3 聚丙烯阻燃研究进展 2
1.3.1 金属氧化物的水合物 2
1.3.2 磷系阻燃剂 2
1.3.3 硅系阻燃剂 2
1.4 阻燃剂改性技术的研究进展 3
1.4.1 微胶囊包埋改性 3
1.4.2 纳米改性 3
1.4.3 表面化学改性 3
1.5 改性氢氧化铝在阻燃领域中的应用研究进展 3
1.5.1 氢氧化铝的改性方法 3
1.5.2 氢氧化铝的阻燃研究现状 4
1.6 论文的研究目的、意义及主要内容 5
1.6.1 论文的研究目的和意义 5
1.6.2 论文的主要内容 6
2 实验部分 7
2.1 实验主要试剂及设备 7
2.1.1 实验主要试剂 7
2.1.2 主要设备 7
2.2 表面活性剂的改性方法和性能表征 8
2.2.1 表面活性剂改性方法 8
2.2.2 表面活性剂的性能表征 8
2.3 聚丙烯样条的制备方法与性能表征 9
2.3.1 聚丙烯样条的制备方法 9
2.3.2 聚丙烯样条的性能表征 10
3 实验结果与讨论 12
3.1 不同改性条件对氢氧化铝表面性质的影响 12