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摘要应变管式测压传感器的弹性元件是应变管，其材料与结构的选择应着眼于使弹性元件有足够大的应变，以使传感器有相当的灵敏度。同时要求在测定压力范围0-1400MPa内，元件的内壁始终不发生屈服。另外，作为测量仪表，弹性元件所用材质还应具有均匀而稳定的金相组织，小的弹性滞后，较小而恒定的弹性模数，小的膨胀系数，良好的机械加工和热处理性能。本课题的弹性元件选用马氏体时效钢500Alloy。21391
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在试验中，选用合金钢40CrNiMoA和40CrMnSiMoVA作为传感器壳体材料，通过适当的热处理工艺，根据抗拉强度、屈服强度和断裂韧性指标，通过一系列强度理论计算，尽量减小设计尺寸，设计出了合理的受压壳体机构，提高了可靠性。
其次，通过计算应变管的弹性应力应变，以及一系列理论强度计算，设计出合理的应变管的机构尺寸。
最后，采用适当的电桥，使传感器能够准确的采集显示测定压力的大小。
经测试实验研究，本课题所研制的应变管式超高压压力传感器准确度优于0.1级，灵敏度1mv/v，非线性小于0.5%FS，基本达到预期测量要求。
关键词：应变管；马氏体时效钢；超高压计量；结构强度设计；电桥；基准参数
毕业论文设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Design of the Strain Tube Ultrahigh Pressure Sensor
Abstract
The most important elastic component of pressure sensor is strain tube of which the choice of material and construction has to consider a large amount of strain to offer the sensor a impressive sensitivity. No yield is allowed on the inwall of component under pressure which varies from 0 to 1400MPa. Apart from this, as a part of measuring instrument, the material of strain tube has to provide several other qualities, like a uniform and stable metallographic structure, little elastic hysteresis, small and constant elastic modulus, small expansion coefficient and good appearance in machine process and heat treatment.
In the experiment, maraging steel 500Alloy and alloy steel 40CrNiMoA, 40CrMnSiMoVA are respectively used as the material of elastic component and the shell of the sensor. After necessary heat treatment, based on related tensile strength, yield strength and fracture toughness index, we use strength theory to calculate data to reduce the size, redesign reasonable shell structure and improve stability. Also, through counting elastic stress strain of strain tube, we try to work out proper structure size of strain tube. In the end, we build necessary bridge to make sure the sensor can accurately get and display the measured pressure.
After tests ,the basic characters of Strain Tube Ultrahigh Pressure
Sensor we build show great superiority: accuracy is better than level 0.1,
sensitivity is 1mv/v and nonlinearity is smaller than 0.5%FS which mean the basic requirements to achieve the desired measurement.
Key words: strain tube; maraging steel; ultrahigh pressure measurement; structure strength design;bridge;basic parameter
目 录
1 引言 1
1．1 研究背景 1
1．2 超高压传感器的材料选用 4
1．3 国内外超高压传感器的研究进展 4
1. 4 本课题的研究意义与研究方案 5
2 弹性元件设计与绘制 7
2.1 弹性元件材料选择 7
2.2 弹性元件线性工作范围分析 8
3 壳体设计 17
3.1 壳体材料选择 17
3.2 壳体强度校核 18
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