摘要:在全球范围的能源危机和环境污染的双重压力下,太阳能因其绿色无污染、地域分布广等优点成为现如今世界上最受重视的可再生能源之一。而需要解决的核心问题之一则是提高在太阳能光伏发电系统中光伏阵列的转换效率。在光伏系统中采用最大功率点跟踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)技术是目前解决这一问题的有效方法。现有的MPPT方法主要有扰动观察法、电导增量法以及模糊控制法等。这些方法都是连续给光伏阵列的输出电压增加扰动来观察其输出特性的变化,然后通过逐渐寻优的过程完成最大功率点的跟踪。而传统的MPPT控制方法中普遍存在着两个相互矛盾的问题:跟踪速度和稳态性能,所以当前的研究主要集中在如何调整步长来使这两个问题平衡。本文针对以上问题进行研究,提出了基于预测模型的快速MPPT控制方法。42093
毕业论文关键词:光伏阵列;最大功率点跟踪;预测控制;快速
Photovoltaic (pv) system based on predictive control maximum power point tracking study
Abstract:Under the dual pressures of global energy crisis and environmental pollution,solar energy becomes one of the most important renewable energy because of its series of advantages, such as pollution-free, wide geographical distribution and so on. The conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic array is one of core issues that need to be addressed in the photovoltaic system, and maximum power point tracking (MPPT)technology is an effective method to solve the problem. Currently, the MPPT algorithm mainly includes the perturbation and observation method,conductance increment method and fuzzy control method which all observe the changes of output characteristics of the output voltage of PV array by constantly add disturbance, and complete the maximum power point tracking through the gradually process of searching finally. However, two conflicting issues exist in the traditional MPPT control method, they are the tracking speed and steady-state performance, therefore current research focuses on how to adjust the step size to balance these issues. To solve the above problem, prediction model-based fast MPPT control method is proposed
Key words:PV array;the maximum power point tracking;predictive control;rapid
目 录
摘要 i
Abstract i
1 绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2太阳能光伏发电的历史和现状 2
1.2.1光伏发电历史 2
1.2.2光伏发电的现状 3
1.2.3太阳能光伏发电技术的发展现状 3
1.3太阳能光伏MPPT的发展现状 4
1.4目前光伏MPPT控制方法中存在的问题 5
1.5本文所做内容 5
2 光伏电池的工作原理及模型建立 6
2.1 光伏电池的工作原理 6
2.2 光伏电池的电特性 6
2.3 光伏阵列的工程实用模型 8
2.4 本章小结 14
3 太阳能光伏的MPPT控制方法 15
3.1 MPPT的工作原理 15
3.2 扰动观察法 16
3.3 增量电导法 17
3.4 模糊逻辑控制