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摘要船舶损管全称为船舶损害管制，就是当船上发生诸如火灾、漏水等灾害时，船上人员对此采取的预防、限制、修复行为，来使得船舶的损害程度降到最小，以最快的速度恢复正常运行。当船舶受到诸如火灾、浸水等其他因素的损害时，船舶损管系统可以第一时间监测到这些灾害，并向全船发出报警，由操作人员进行相应的排除危害工作。而之前的大多数损管系统，大多采用人为报警，浪费了大量人力资源和时间，效率低下。从上面分析我们可以得知，船舶损管系统的智能化将在未来的船舶领域成为主流，而我们国家现领域普及程度并不高。本文主要对船舶损管系统中火灾、浸水这两个灾害进行监控以及灾害消除。当损害发生时，损管系统可以发出声光警报，同时显示损害类型和损害部位，并根据有人无人响应的实际情况，视情况接入全船警铃系统，自动或者由船员手动启动减灾控制功能。本文主要包括硬件和软件两部分。硬件部分主要对系统所用的电源单元、S7-1200PLC 的CPU 单元、信号单元、通讯单元等下位机进行了介绍以及选择。考虑到本次设计中，要对船上的火灾、浸水灾害进行监控，所以还对温度传感器、烟雾传感器、浸水传感器的型号进行了介绍以及选择，并对它们与 PLC之间的硬件接线进行画图表示。软件部分主要是对整个控制系统进行程序编写，并设计了人机交互界面。编写程序时用到的软件为 TIA PORTAL V13，采取的编程语言为梯形图。人机交互界面包含 5个画面：系统初始画面，船舶全局画面，火灾监控画面，浸水监控画面，报警记录画面。此次设计最终完成了程序的编写，编译以及仿真，实验证明，系统运行稳定可靠，满足设计指标要求。58604
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毕业论文关键词：船舶损管；监测报警；可编程控制器；人机交互界面
Abstract Ship damage control, is when the disasters such as fire, leaks and others happened onthe ships,the crews take actions to prevent,limitate or respair these disasters to make theextent of the damage to the ship is reduced to a minimum and the ships can resume normaloperations as soon as possible.when the disasters such as fire, leaks and others happened onthe ships,ship damage control system can monitor these disasters first and alarm to thecrews,then the workers can exclude hazards correctly.However,most of the damage controlsystems always alarm unintelligently,which wastes a lot of human resources and time andresults in low efficiency.From the above analysis we can know that the intelligent shipdamage control system will become the mainstream in the future but the penetration aboutthe field in our country is not very high.In this paper, we will design the ship damage control system.The system can send soundand light alarm and display the types and the positions of the disasters at the same time whenthe disasters happened.According to the actual situations the system can decide whether toaccess to the alarm bell system and take actions to eliminate the disasters automatically ornot.This paper mainly includes two parts of hardware and software.The hardware part of thesystem is mainly used tosintroduce and choose the next bit machine like power supply unit,the CPU ,signal unit, communication unit of S7-1200PLC and so on.In this design,we shouldmonitor the fire and flooding disaster on the ship so that we also introduce the type oftemperature sensor, smoke sensor and water immersion sensor.We draw the picture ofhardware wiring diagram between them and PLC.The software part is mainly to programefor the whole control system and design the HMI.We use TIA PORTAL V13 to programe,theprogramming language is Ladder diagram.The design finally complete the preparation,compile and simulation of the program andthe experiment proved that the system is stable and reliable operation, and it can meet thedesign requirements.
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