Yan Guocai(2006) pided non-intellectual factors into two parts:the first one is general non-intellectual factors that include every psychological factor except intelligence factors;the second one is non-intellectual factors in narrow sense which are made up of 5 psychological elements, including motivation, interest, affect, will and character, the last one is detailed non-intellectual factors which have 12 factors, namely, achievement motivation, learning desire, learning enthusiasm, responsibility, self-esteem , self-confidence, enterprising spirit, sense of obligation, sense of honor, self-control, perseverance and self-independence.
Zhang Chunxing(2009) thought that non-intellectual factors are different from intelligence(based on intelligence tests)and related with the effects of school education.Non-intellectual factors is defined in the intelligent factor, the impact of intellectual activity and intellectual role in the development of dynamic personality who has psychological factors, which includes needs, motivations, interests, emotions, will, temperament and character, etc.Learning activities are non-intellectual factors, mental factors and the result of collaboration activities.
3.2 The Relation between Non-intellectual Factors and Intelligence文献综述
Non-intellectual factors, acting as driving, guiding, encouraging and consolidating, not only can affect the process of activities, but also can have an impact on the development of intelligence.That is because non-intellectual factors and intelligence make up a whole mental development which is considered as the change of psychology.As is known to all, each element is related more or less to others. So, the development of non-intellectual factors can cause intelligence to develop, and the good development of non-intellectual factors will make intelligence develop better. When one is during the period of growth, he or she has to meet the demand from society and education. Because he or she is too young to handle every thing properly, the contradiction between meeting the demand and immature psychological state will appear. In the end, the contradiction will become the driving force which can make a contribution to the development of intelligence. In junior middle school, students can be attracted by negative factors and they may be influenced by those factors so that the development of their intelligence may be obstructed. If better non-intellectual factors are formed,the defect of intelligence will be corrected to some degree. To students who are of high intelligence,if they make most of positive non-intellectual factors, they may develop the intelligence to higher level.On the contrary, negative non-intellectual factors will prevent the development of intelligence.