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摘要步进电机是普遍的工程控制用开环执行元件，控制质量高，成本低廉，拥有优秀的性能。但是步进电动机存在着失步、过冲等问题，相应地对能够降低问题严重程度的电动机控制产品需求不断增加，现代电动机控制技术在海内外得到广泛的关注与研究。在近来，DSP（数字信号处理器）控制由于拥有实时性和快速处理大量数据的特点广受青睐。
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本文首先介绍了电机的基础知识与参数、DSP的研发历程与趋势，并就步进电机分类进行了讨论与选择。之后分析了步进电机运行曲线，总结出步进电机速度方面的变化规律，根据电机特点与DSP产品类型选择了符合实际情况的S形加减速曲线；在电机控制器方面，设计出以功率驱动为核心的主电路，即用LM331+PMM8713组成控制器。接下来硬件设计时为电机控制系统选择了合适的控制芯片TMS320LF2407，分析了它的模块结构，并且为之后的硬件与软件设计做下准备；随后根据步进电机控制系统控制原理，设计出相应的外围电路，利用Protel展示了这些电路具体的细节和电路与TMS320LF2407芯片的连接方式；最后概括了软件设计的要求，画出了主程序、键盘程序、中断程序和S型曲线升降频控制的流程图。19721
关键词：步进电动机；数字控制；DSP数字信号处理器；驱动器；控制系统
Stepper Motor Control System Design Based on DSP
Stepper motor is a common open-loop executive component for engineering control ,with high quality, low cost and excellent performance。While there is something wrong with stepper motor like the out of step, overshoot, the demand of corresponding products solving the problem of motor control increases rapidly, and the modern motor control technology has gotten the attention worldwidely.In recently, the control of DSP is becoming popular because of its rapid real-time movement and power of processing a large amount of data.
This paper introduces the basic knowledge of the motor firstly ,with the present situation and the development tendency of the development of DSP. And I choose the type of stepper motor according to the require. After the analysis of stepper motor torque-speed curve,the speed change rule of stepping motor is concluded . I finally chose S-shape curve of acceleration and deceleration depending on the actual situation;In terms of motor control, I designed the main circuit where power drive work as the core,with LM331and PMM8713.When referred to the hardware design for motor control system ,I chose the suitable control chip named TMS320LF2407, Next its module structure is analyzed to prepare for the hardware and software design;Then according to the control principle of stepper motor control system, I designed the corresponding peripheral circuit, using Protel to show these specific details and circuit links with TMS320LF2407 chip ;Finally I summarize the requirements
of software design , draw out the flow chart of main program, keyboard program, interrupt program and S-shape curve program .
Keywords Stepper motor; Digital control; DSP ; drive; Control system
目 次
第一章 绪论1
第二章 1.1 课题研究的背景与意义1
第三章 1.2 基于DSP的步进电机控制系统国内外发展现状1
1.3 基于DSP的步进电机控制系统的发展趋势2
1.4 课题任务内容与要求2
1.5 本章小结3
第二章 步进电机选型与其升降曲线优化3
2.1 步进电机主要技术指标3
2.2 步进电机选型4
2.3 步进电机升降曲线优化5
2.4 本章小结7
第三章 步进电机驱动器设计8
3.1 驱动系统基本组成8
3.2 驱动方式8
3.3 驱动器选择11