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摘要发射装药发射安全性问题严重制约了现代高性能火炮进一步的发展，引起国内外兵器界的广泛关注，成为弹道学家关注的世界性难题。最新研究结果表明弹底药床挤压破碎是导致膛炸的根本因素。发射药床在运动过程中的挤压破碎机理是发射安全性研究中的核心问题。本文主要研究内容是采用单片机进行药挤压撞击试验控制系统开发。试验用的火药被放置在套筒中的装药室内，用电点火方式将燃烧室内的火药，燃烧后生成的高压气体推动传动活塞，高速运动的传动活塞带动压头快速挤压试样药室内的发射药床，传动活塞将药室快速的推向套筒的另外一端，装在套筒管壁上的压力传感器将采集的挤压应力转换为电信号。分析通过每个传感器的时间能够确定装药室的位置，通过单片机来控制下一次点火的时间，从而将药室再由套筒的一端推向另外一端，最终达到试验所需的时序控制功能。7229
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关键词 单片机 控制系统 压力传感器 挤压撞击
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Powder extrusion impact test system based on microcontroller
Abstract
The development of modern high performance weapon has been seriously restrained due to its launch safety problem，which has become the world problem and greatly attended by ballistician at home and abroad. Extrusion and fracture of propellant charge was the factor in the newly outcome. The extrusion crushing mechanism of Emission charge bed in motion process is the core issues in the emission safety study. In this paper , it mainly studies using microcontroller to do drug extrusion control system development impact test. The test powder was placed in the sleeve of charge chamber, using electric ignition combustion chamber gunpowder, the high pressure gases generated in the combustion to push the drive piston, high-speed movement of the drive piston driven by the pressure head quickly extruded samples drug chamber propellant bed, and driven piston quickly push the sleeve to the other end of the chamber, the pressure sensor mounted in the sleeve wall will be collected compressive stress and converted to electrical signals. Analysis able to determine the location of the charge room by the time of each sensor, the microcontroller to control the ignition time, which the chamber from one end of the sleeve to push the other end, and ultimately achieve the required timing control function of the test.
Keywords Microcontroller Control system Pressure sensor Extrusion impact
目 次
1绪论 1
1.1研究背景及意义 1
1.2国内外研究状况 2
1.3本文主要研究内容 3
2火药挤压撞击试验控制系统的总体设计 3
2.1控制系统概述 4
2.2火药挤压撞击试验控制系统的工作原理 6
2.3本章小结 7
3火药挤压撞击试验控制系统的硬件设计 8
3.1单片机的选择 8
3.2串口转USB芯片的选择 11
3.3存储功能的实现 13
3.4 MAX813看门狗电路 15
3.5压力传感器的选择 17
3.6电压比较器LM339 19
3.7本章小结 20
4火药挤压撞击试验控制系统的软件设计及调试 21
4.1软件的总体设计思路 21
4.2单片机程序的编写 21
4.3上位机程序的编写 26
4.4系统的调试 28
4.5本章小结 31
结 论 32
致 谢 33