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摘要科学本质观是衡量学生科学素养的基本依据之一。本文以科学本质观问卷调查宁波市一所重点学校高中生的科学本质观发现，学生对科学本质观的理解程度并不理想，在科学知识的建构性、科学探究的合作性、非绝对性、社会价值这几方面的认识并不深刻和全面；在科学知识的暂定性、可验性、科学探究的多元、局限性方面的理解程度仍处于朴素阶段。在涉及年级和性别之间的差异时，差异并不明显。在涉及高中生的理科成绩与其对科学本质观理解时，发现特别在科学探究和科学知识观上的相关性更加明显，而在科学本质观的总体得分上与成绩没有太大关系。47720
在此基础上提出了可行性的策略：在课堂中渗透科学探究，拒绝走形式化；在教材内容中引入更多的STSE（科学Science，技术Technology，社会Society，环境Environment）和HPS（科学史History of Science，科学哲学Philosophy of Science，科学社会学Sociology of Science）的理念。
The view on nature of science has been one of the basic elements for measuring scientific literacy. This article is based on a questionnaire of the view on nature of science completed by students from a key high school in Ningbo and the result is unsatisfactory. The understanding in aspects of the construction of scientific knowledge, the cooperation and relativity of scientific inquiry, and social value is not deep and complete. In aspects of the temporality and verifiability of scientific knowledge, and persity and limitation of scientific research, their knowledge is still in a simple stage. When it comes to grade and gender differences, there is no significant difference. What’s more, when it comes to the relationship between science subjects result in high school and their understanding to nature of science, it can be seen that the correlation is more obvious especially in scientific inquiry and scientific knowledge while there’s no significant relationship between the total grade in the survey and grades of students.
As a basis, some feasible strategies are raised: involvement of scientific inquiry, no formalization; more introductions of STSE and HPS ideas to textbook content. (STSE S: Science T: technology S: Society E: Environment; HPS H: History of Science P: Philosophy of Science S: Sociology of Science )
Keyword: Senior high school student; Understanding of the Nature of Science; Investigative Research; Reflection and Suggestions
目 录
一、 引言 4
（一）研究的背景 4
（二）研究目的及意义 4
二、 研究方法与过程 5
（一） 研究方法与内容 5
1. 研究方法 5
2. 研究内容 5
（二） 调查过程 6
三、 研究的结果与分析 6
（一） 高中生对科学本质观理解的比较分析 6
（二） 不同年级(高一、高二)学生科学本质观的差异及分析 7
1. 单选题的统计结果与分析 7
2. 多选题部分的统计结果与分析 8
3. 文字叙述题的统计结果与分析 13
（三） 男生与女生科学本质观的差异及分析 16
1. 单选题的统计结果与分析