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摘要《了不起的盖茨比》是弗•司各特•菲茨杰拉德的杰出作品，是一部具有神话特征的现代小说。原型批评理论是诺斯洛普•弗莱提出的，和神话批评理论紧紧相连。这部小说运用神话原型构思出三位主人公，描写了盖茨比悲剧短暂的一生。盖茨比的悲剧凝聚着社会和个人多重色彩，他努力、坚强，富有责任感，是二十世纪二十年代少见的绅士。但是在当时物欲纵横的金钱时代，他最终成为了一个他自己筑造的梦想的牺牲品。因此,本研究运用原型批评理论分析小说，可以让人们更清晰地了解小说中的主人公，盖茨比、黛西和汤姆的人物形象，同时让人们更加深入地了解主题——美国梦的幻灭和爵士时代人们的浮躁和拜金。另外，通过运用这一理论，人们对菲茨杰拉德卓越的写作艺术和文学造诣有更加清晰地认识。24935
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毕业论文关键词：《了不起的盖茨比》；菲茨杰拉德；原型批评
Abstract
The Great Gatsby, a modern novel with the characteristic of myth, is F. Scott Fitzgerald’s masterpiece. Archetypal criticism was proposed by Northrop Frye, which is closely linked with mythological archetypal criticism. The novel described Gatsby’s short and tragic life by using myth archetypes. The tragedy of Gatsby embodies the social and personal multiple colors. He works hard, and has a strong heart and a sense of responsibility. In addition, he is a rare gentleman in the 1920s. But in the materialistic era of money at that time, he finally became a victim of his dream which built by himself. Under the theoretical framework of archetypal criticism, the readers can understand the characters-Gatsby, Daisy and Tom in the novel more clearly, at the same time we also can get more understanding of the topic - the disillusionment of American dream and people’s materialism of Jazz Age. Moreover, readers can get a better understanding of Fitzgerald’s excellent writing attainments in art and literature by using the theory.
Key words: The Great Gatsby; Fitzgerald; archetypal criticism
Contents
摘要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. Theoretical Framework of the Study:Archetypal Criticism 2
2.1 Archetypal Criticism and Myth Archetype 2
2.2 The Novel and Myth Archetype 3
III. Archetypal Analysis of Characters 4
3.1 Gatsby and the Biblical Archetypes-Adam and Jesus 4
3.2 Daisy and the Biblical Archetype Eve and mythological Archetype Siren 5
3.3 Tom and the Biblical Archetype-Satan 8
IV. Archetypal Analysis of Themes 10
4.1 Sin and Innocence 10
4.2 Wealth and Emptiness 11
4.3 Demoralization and Redemption 12
V. Conclusion 13
Bibliography 15
Acknowledgments 16
The Archetypal Analysis of The Great Gatsby
I. Introduction
Fitzgerald (1896-1940) is one of the most brilliant American writers in 1920s. He is famous for the publication of the novel This Side of Paradise. After his marriage, he lived in Paris with his wife and got acquainted with some American writer such as Anderson, Hemingway and so on. His major woks also include Tender Is the Night (1934) and The Last Tycoon (1941) apart from the above works. His novel reflects the disillusionment of the American dream vividly in 1920s, and shows strongly criticism of ideal deserted and moral degradation to the upper social during the Great Depression. Fitzgerald is not only to write novel, the short story also have great characteristic. Tales of the Jazz Age (1922) and All the Sad Young Men are two of his best short stories. As a literary artist, the most remarkable feature of Fitzgerald is his temperament likes poets and dreamers. Fitzgerald is good at story description in terms of novel art. Humorous and minute work style, fluent language, strict structure; especially natural lifelike dialogue is his features of his writing. His works pay more attention to present his real own life, describe interesting story and modern breath of American city life.