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摘 要随着科学的发展，翻译也从语言学和文学中分离出来，成为一门独立的学科。文化作为翻译中重要的一部分，也更引起人们的广泛重视。翻译不仅是语言转换，更确切地说，是文化的转变。文化一词有丰富的内涵，包括地理位置、生产力、文化传统、习俗及社会生活、宗教信仰以及语言和认知等。中英文化差异的存在已不言自明，因此，要想准确表达原作的思想，促进文化交流，翻译中需要采取一些处理文化差异的策略，本文就补充、注释、省略等几个方面来讨论英译汉中文化因素的处理，但具体用什么方法还是依据原作类型、翻译目的、读者等因素而定。
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关键词：翻译; 文化；文化差异；技巧8709
Abstract
Culture has been exerting much influence on translation, which has become an independent discipline in that it plays a vital role in deciding the quality of translation. Almost every aspect of culture including geographical environment, production activities, literary inheritance, customs and social life, religious belief, and of course linguistics and cognition etc, exerts influence in translation. In one word, translation cannot do without the study of culture. Four solutions are mentioned in this paper, namely, conversion of emptiness and entity, supplement, notes and omission, which should be chosen according to specific situations such as text genre, purpose of translation, and types of readers, etc.
Key words: translation; culture; culture differences; strategies;
Cultural Factors in Translation from English to Chinese
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I．Introduction 1
1.1 Literature Review 1
1.2 Research Significance and Purpose 2
II. Cultural Differences between English and Chinese 2
2.1 Differences in Geography 3
2.2 Differences in Production Activities 4
2.3 Differences in Cultural Images 5
2.4 Differences in Religious Beliefs 6
2.5 Differences in Customs and Social Life 7
III. Strategies to Deal with Cultural Differences 7
3.1 Conversion of Emptiness and Entity 7
3.2 Supplement 9
3.3 Notes 10
3.4 Omission 10
3.5 Choice of Solutions 11
IV. Conclusion 11
Bibliography 13
Acknowledgements 14
I．Introduction
1.1 Literature Review
Translation itself is to transform all kinds of cultural factors of one language into another. “Language is not an isolated phenomenon suspended in a vacuum but as an integral part of culture. Thus the notion of translation is not regarded as a transcending process as in linguistically oriented translatology, but as a cross-cultural event.”(Snell Homby, 2001, 39). In 1871, the British cultural anthropologist Edwin Tyler put forward the concept of culture for the first time in his book Primitive Culture. He pointed out that culture was something complex including knowledge, belief, arts, ethics, laws, customs and other acquired social abilities and habits. From this definition, we can see that culture includes everything shared by the human society, and langue is the most important carrier of culture in human society.
Standard is to measure the criteria of things. Any translation practice must follow certain standard or principle, so establishment of translation criteria has an important significance to guide the translation activity. However, due to the effect of subjective and objective factors, there form a variety of translation criteria. Next, I will simply introduce the background and achievement of the research at Home and Abroad.