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5.3 Constructivist Strategies in Business Translation.18
6 Conclusion22
Bibliography24
1 Introduction
With the trend of globalization, business activities between China and Western countries are becoming increasingly frequent and the business cooperation between China and Western businessmen is steady on the rise. Therefore, it’s vital important for us to emphasize the business translation between China and Western countries so as to contribute to the trade cooperation. However, due to the different conditions of human’s living and cultures, the modes of thinking and cognitive patterns between Chinese and western people are different. So we need a proper translation theory to avoid conflict and promote communication.
Traditionally, the scope of translation discussion was just limited to the translation principles such as the Three Principles of Translation which put forward by A.F. Tytler, the translation methods such as literal translation and paraphrase, the translation standards which represented by Yan Fu’s “faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance”, Fu Lei’s “sublimity”, Qian Zhongshu’s “similarity” and Nida Eugenue A. “equivalence”. The “equivalence” and “faithfulness” then become the previous business translation criteria. In the pursuit of equivalence and faithfulness, such external factors as history, society and cultures are always ignored by the translators in the business activity. Some problems in the business translation can not be solved by just following the equivalence and faithfulness principle. In the business translation, translators should take several factors into consideration, such as the different cultural background and specific business situation. Therefore, the business translation calls for a new and effective guiding theory.
The Constructivist Translatology was introduced from the western learning and traditional reflections. It has vital modern significance. Professor Lv Jun used the Consensus Theory of Truth and the Theory of Communication Action, which along with Speech Act theory as the foundation to propose the translation criteria of Constructivist Translatology. In this thesis, with the introduction of linguistics and stylistic features from business English, the author then puts forward two Constructivist criteria of business translation. Finally, after the study of business translation, the author proposes three practical Constructivist strategies and they are useful toward the solution of some existing problems in business translation. Moreover, the author also used many examples to prove the necessity and essential of Constructivist Translatology.
2 Constructivism and Constructivist Translatology
The features of Constructivist theories are distinct. Habermas introduced a series of theories such as the theory of Communicative Action, Consensus Theory of Truth and Speech Act Theory. They are the theoretical basis of Constructivist Translatology.
Professor Lv Jun puts forward two translation criteria of Constructivist Translatology and they are proved to be useful in translation practices. The followings are the details about Constructivism and Constructivist Translatology.
2.1 Theory of Constructivism
Constructivism is a study which is based on observation and scientific method. It origins from Europe and then spreads out the whole world. The following section will make a brief introduction to Constructivism.
2.1.1 Origins of Constructivism
Constructivism is a way of making sense by active interaction among the learners for meaning negotiation and knowledge construction(Fraser,1998). Leslie P. Steffe and Jerry Grale considered the Constructivism as “the only epistemology survived”(2002:353). It is said that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences. Therefore, the nature of Constructivism is the belief that personal knowledge is constructed by learners rather than being fed by instructors or information itself(Doolittle&Camp,1999；Hein,1991; Kerka,1997).