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3.1.1 Relations between Two Strategies 8
3.1.2 Domestication and Target Language Culture 9
3.1.3 Foreignization and Source Language Culture 10
3.2 Case Study on Translation of Chinese Cultural Terms 10
3.2.1 Translating Traditional Festivals Terms 11
3.2.2 Translating Culinary Cultural Terms 12
3.2.3 Translating Martial Arts Terms 13
3.2.4 Translating Classical Literature Terms 13
3.2.5 Translating Modern Chinese Terms 14
4 Conclusion 16
Bibliography 17,4094
1 Intruduction
This paper attempts to conduct the research on the translation of Chinese cultural terms under the principles of domestication and foreignization, and from the perspective of Skopos theory. For this purpose, a general introduction of these two methods will be involved. Besides, Skopos theory will also be discussed herein.
Skopos theory ranks one of major principles among translation theories. The core idea of Skopos theory is that translators should translate works from the perspective of the target readers during the process of translation. For this reason, translators should bear in mind the purpose of translation text, the target readers’ requirements and even the communicative situation. Consequently, the choice of translation strategies is determined by the purpose of the translation text, so as to work out an ideal translation text. During translating, there are three main rules which should be obeyed by translators.
Above all, “Skopos rule” is the most premier rule in the course of translation, means the translational method is determined by its purpose. In other words, the functions of both source and target text should be taken into account. Vermeer emphasizes in many situations that the Skopos rule is a general rule, and translation strategy that is decided by the aim and the intended function of the target text. Besides, Vermeer explains it as “Each text is produced for a given purpose and should serve this purpose”.（Nord, 2001: 28）One of the purposes of translation is to express the accuracy of original text, and the other is to convey the preciseness of target text. The former one is called Foreignization, and the latter one is Domestication.
Domestication and Foreignization are two major principles which are often used by translators to translate cultural words of other cultures. Domestication means the target-culture-oriented translation in which specific expressions are used to enable target readers to get the idea of original texts as much as possible. While Foreignization is a source-culture-oriented translation which strives to maintain the flavor of original texts as much as possible in order to convey the source language and culture to target readers. “The end justifies the means” (Nord, 2001:124), that means, during the process of translation, the choice of skopos determines the method applied by translators.
1.1 Research Background and Questions
As a result of the advancement of science and technology, globalization has developed so astonishingly that the cultural exchange among nations is inevitable. To carry on the tradition and show the merits of our culture have become the responsibility of we generation. Besides, in pace with the opening-up and reform policy, China has been playing a decisive role during the process of globalization which cannot be ignored any more. At the same time, a Chinese learning heat has emerged and suggested the Chinese culture has been attached more importance to, as well as, is becoming more and more popular among foreigners. To prove the “policy”——“Knowledge is the most important productive force”, it is imperative for us to get a good command of methods of translating Chinese cultural terms.